Hair loss types: Alopecia areata diagnosis and treatment

alopecia hair loss

In alopecia areata, the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, causing inflammation. Researchers do not fully understand what causes the immune attack on hair follicles, but they believe that both genetic and environmental (non-genetic) factors play a role. If you have a close family member with the disease, you may have a higher risk of getting it, but for many people, there is no family history.

Treatments for extensive alopecia areata (greater than 50% scalp involvement, alopecia totalis, or universalis)

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How is alopecia areata different from other kinds of alopecia?

Some research also suggests that a Mediterranean diet may have a positive effect on alopecia areata. Dietary changes may have a positive effect on alopecia areata. Alopecia areata isn’t usually a serious medical condition, but it can cause a lot of anxiety and sadness. Support groups are out there to help you deal with the psychological effects of the condition.

Persistent patchy alopecia areata

Likewise, people who don’t have any known risks can develop this type of hair loss. Because this disease often causes patchy hair loss, it’s usually called alopecia areata. This type of hair loss usually begins in children and young adults, but it can start at any age. People of all skin tones and genders get alopecia areata.

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Smoking Associated With Risk for Hair Loss Among Men - Medscape

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It is always our main goal and top priority to offer the best support and information to help women like you feel beautiful, confident and happy again. We greatly appreciate your feedback and can not thank you enough for trusting us during your journey. Alopecia, or in layman terms hair loss, is a widespread issue that millions of people face and the experience can be emotionally devastating. Despite this condition, most people with signs of hair loss are in overall good health.

Prevention

In women, hair is usually first lost on the top of the head. Typically, the hair thins rather than is completely lost, and the hairline stays intact. Scientists know alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder, but they are not sure precisely why an individual’s immune system attacks hair follicles at any given time.

Is there a permanent cure for alopecia?

alopecia hair loss

It also causes an itchy rash and usually has to be repeated several times to keep the new hair growth. While developing patchy or complete hair loss can feel distressing, this hair loss is a good sign. It usually means that the cancer medication is working.

This regrowth happens more often when someone has a few patches of alopecia areata, which have been there for less than a year. Newer treatments are regrowing hair for people who weren’t helped by past treatments. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in treating the skin, hair, and nails. Around the edges of the patch, there are often short broken hairs or “exclamation point” hairs that are narrower at their base than their tip. There is usually no sign of a rash, redness, or scarring on the bare patches.

Anything that disrupts the natural, healthy hair growth cycle can lead to alopecia. Some types of alopecia can be avoided, but others can affect anyone at any age. Your family history, age, gender, and race all can be factors in the likelihood that you’ll develop some form of alopecia. Alopecia is a broad term that refers to any form of hair loss, said Dr. Angela Lamb, a board-certified dermatologist at Mount Sinai in New York City. Some people — especially men ­— lose scalp hair with age because of changes in hormones known as androgens, she said, and that is considered a form of alopecia. A type of hair loss common in the Black community is traction alopecia, which occurs when hair has been pulled tight for too long.

In the most common type, hair loss happens in one or more coin-sized patches on the scalp or other parts of the body. Once you develop this autoimmune condition, you may experience lifelong bouts of hair loss and other related symptoms. However, some people experience hair loss only once in their lifetime.

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Additionally, due to the risk of causing birth defects, people who can get pregnant should not take finasteride or dutasteride, Agbai emphasizes. It can be purchased over the counter, and it’s found in various strengths — typically 2% to 5%, Agbai says. Topical minoxidil “is applied directly to the scalp and works by increasing blood flow to the hair follicles, promoting hair growth and thickening existing hair,” she says. It is complex and the trigger can be an underlying medical condition or self-induced.

Severe, prolonged psychological stress also can cause hair to fall out on its own (telogen effluvium). This hair loss, however, involves major, chronic stress and not the routine stresses of daily life. Alopecia areata is a disease that happens when the immune system attacks hair follicles and causes hair loss. Hair follicles are the structures in skin that form hair. While hair can be lost from any part of the body, alopecia areata usually affects the head and face. Hair typically falls out in small, round patches about the size of a quarter, but in some cases, hair loss is more extensive.

Patients should be informed that there is no cure and response to treatments are variable. Improvement following numerous other less common and less studied treatments have been reported. Acute onset of hair loss may manifest in a number of patterns. Several serious diseases also attack the hair follicle, says Robert Brodell, a dermatologist at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. Another surgical option involves removing some bald parts of the scalp skin and stretching the parts that have hair over a wider area.

Certain lifestyle changes may also be helpful, such as wearing a wig or applying eyelash extensions or eyebrow stencils. The NAAF maintains an online shop with hair accessories and products. The outlook for alopecia areata is unpredictable and different for each person.

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